{"id":77007,"date":"2019-12-05T10:56:30","date_gmt":"2019-12-05T16:56:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?p=77007"},"modified":"2024-09-27T10:01:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-27T15:01:41","slug":"as-dnc-2020-nears-a-look-back-at-milwaukees-socialistic-past","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/as-dnc-2020-nears-a-look-back-at-milwaukees-socialistic-past\/","title":{"rendered":"As DNC 2020 nears, a look back at Milwaukee\u2019s socialistic past"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Democratic National Convention is coming to a city once known for its prominent ties to socialism.<\/p>\n

Milwaukee was home of Rep. Victor Berger<\/a>, who in 1910 became the first member of Congress<\/a> elected on the Socialist Party ticket. The city had three Socialist Party mayors in the 20th\u00a0<\/sup>century, starting with Emil Seidel<\/a>, who served as mayor from 1910-1912 and was the first Socialist to govern a major American city.<\/p>\n

Daniel Hoan<\/a> had a 24-year tenure as mayor ending in 1940, winning 10 straight citywide elections as a Socialist before later joining the Democratic Party during World War II.<\/p>\n

The socialist influence in Milwaukee politics has disappeared, its sway eroding after the last of the Socialist Party mayors, Frank Zeidler, left office in 1960 after 12 years. But the arrival of the Democratic convention in July, along with the political philosophy<\/a>\u00a0of presidential candidate Bernie Sanders, presents a fresh opportunity to look back at the historical connections to socialism.<\/p>\n

There are some parallels between the ideas and thinking of Milwaukee socialists from the early to mid-20th\u00a0<\/sup>century with the democratic socialism that Sanders says he supports, said Joel Rast, an associate professor of political science at 51ÁÔÆæ and director of urban studies in the College of Letters & Science.<\/p>\n

Sewer socialism<\/h3>\n

Socialism in Milwaukee<\/a> drew the nickname \u201csewer socialism\u201d because it focused on infrastructure projects. Rast described it as the idea that government\u2019s role was to supply \u00a0infrastructure that helped not just people, but also businesses, to be able to perform better.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnd so they put a big emphasis on building things like streets and bridges. The kinds of things that businesses need to do well,\u201d Rast said. \u201cThese are things that most people are not going to have a big problem with \u2013 better infrastructure.\u201d<\/p>\n

There was an emphasis on addressing market failures and recognizing government as a force to address shortcomings, Rast said.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere has been a tendency, even among some Democrats (today) to minimize the role that government can play as a positive force in society, to talk about how we can streamline government,\u201d Rast said.<\/p>\n

Sanders\u2019 philosophy<\/h3>\n

Conversely, Sanders has spoken out about government needing to play a stronger role in areas like health care.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe private sector is not supplying it in a way that\u2019s efficient or cost effective,\u201d Rast said in using Sanders\u2019 health care proposals as an example. \u201cSo why shouldn\u2019t government step in and do that? Maybe government can do that better.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sewer socialists would say the same thing, Rast said.<\/p>\n

For instance, Zeidler saw public housing as a big priority not just to help the poor but also working-class people. The view stemmed from a housing shortage after World War II similar to those that other cities experienced around the country.<\/p>\n

\u201cSo what Zeidler thought was let\u2019s build public housing, because the private market is not supplying enough housing,\u201d Rast said.<\/p>\n

\u201cSo it\u2019s this notion of government being this legitimate force in society to step in where the market fails and do the job in place of the private sector,\u201d Rast said. \u201cIt\u2019s very similar to what Bernie Sanders is arguing.\u201d<\/p>\n

Influence fades<\/h3>\n

The latter years of Zeidler\u2019s tenure as mayor, which took place as the Cold War escalated between the United States and the Soviet Union, were marked by political attacks that he was a Communist sympathizer.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Cold War came along and made socialism a dirty word,\u201d Rast said. \u201cNo liberal Democrat, or even somebody who was sympathetic to what socialists were doing, was probably going to label himself as a socialist.\u201d<\/p>\n

Today, the socialist influence on southeastern Wisconsin politics is very minimal, Rast said. Milwaukee is a Democratic stronghold. Parts of downtown and the East Side are thriving with new construction, though poverty and segregation<\/a> have long been problems.<\/p>\n

\u201cI would say the socialist kind of thinking would be that \u2018We have to lift those people up somehow. The market is failing these people in Milwaukee. What can we do to redirect resources to benefit those parts of the city more,\u2019\u201d Rast said. \u201cWe\u2019re just not seeing that now. It\u2019s just not happening.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Socialists had a strong presence in Milwaukee throughout the mid-1900s. 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