{"id":52583,"date":"2017-10-31T16:23:07","date_gmt":"2017-10-31T21:23:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?p=52583"},"modified":"2017-11-03T09:40:03","modified_gmt":"2017-11-03T14:40:03","slug":"500-years-start-reformation-uwm-luther-expert-says-parallels-still-echo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/500-years-start-reformation-uwm-luther-expert-says-parallels-still-echo\/","title":{"rendered":"500 years after start of Reformation, Luther expert says parallels still echo"},"content":{"rendered":"

This year is the 500th<\/sup> anniversary of the publication of Martin Luther\u2019s famous \u201c95 Theses,\u201d often viewed as the event that triggered the Reformation.<\/p>\n

For Merry Wiesner-Hanks, it\u2019s an opportunity to reflect on the upheaval of the European Reformation, but also its echoes in today\u2019s world.<\/p>\n

Wiesner-Hanks, a UW-Milwaukee distinguished professor of history and women’s and gender studies, is an internationally recognized scholar of early modern Europe, especially issues of gender and the Protestant and Catholic Reformations. She has written extensively about Luther, the Reformation and modern Europe, and has translated a number of writings by Luther and accounts by his contemporaries.<\/p>\n

The phenomenon of religious refugees is one we share with the Reformation, Wiesner-Hanks points out.<\/p>\n

\u201cSome say we should consider expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492 as the beginning of the Reformation, because it marks the beginning of a period of mass religious refugees,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n

Another parallel: Just as the Roman Church may have looked askance at a German friar starting his own version of Christianity, today we see the future of Christianity is no longer solely in the hands of Europeans and their descendants around the world.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe big kickoff of the \u2018Luther Year\u2019 took place last fall in Lund, Sweden, and featured Pope Francis and Bishop Munib Younan, then head of the Lutheran World Federation,\u201d she said. \u201cHere you had an Argentinian and a Jordanian representing these two great religions.\u201d<\/p>\n

Wiesner-Hanks noted that both leaders spoke directly to the question of refugees.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Amish, Hutterites, Mennonites all came to America as religious refugees,\u201d she says. \u201cNow we see Yazidis, Syrians and others leaving their homes to escape conflict and persecution.\u201d<\/p>\n

From the outset, a large portion of Wiesner-Hanks\u2019 career has been devoted to social history, particularly the lives of women in early modern Europe. She was honored at the Sixteenth Century Society and Conference<\/a> in October, along with frequent collaborator Susan Karant-Nunn, for her pioneering work on gender in the Reformation.<\/p>\n

\u201cYou can\u2019t talk about the Reformation without talking about gender,\u201d Wiesner-Hanks says.<\/p>\n

Among her many publications is \u201c<\/strong>Luther on Women: A Sourcebook,\u201d a collection of Luther\u2019s writings selected and translated by Wiesner-Hanks and Karant-Nunn. The book includes some of the so-called \u201ctable talks,\u201d accounts by friends and students of discussions with Luther at his dinner table, which could have 20-30 guests on any given night.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey are great fun,\u201d she laughs. \u201cChitchat lubricated by his wife\u2019s beer.\u201d<\/p>\n

Luther had a complex view of women. He was opposed to a celibate clergy, maintaining that sex was natural (though he viewed original sin as largely sexual in character). Moreover, as a seminarian and friar, his exposure to women was mainly as servants, and he shared with his male contemporaries a somewhat disdainful view of women.<\/p>\n

But Wiesner-Hanks also came to see that Luther was deeply devoted to his wife and daughters. The loss of a daughter comes alive in a moving letter to a colleague.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe\u2019s just choked up with emotion,\u201d she says. \u201cYou can just hear it through the centuries.\u201d<\/p>\n

So, while Luther was as chauvinistic as any of his contemporaries, \u201cI ended up having a more positive view of Luther than I expected.\u201d<\/p>\n

In more recent years, Wiesner-Hanks has turned her scholarship toward world history, and so puts the European Reformation in a global perspective.<\/p>\n

In her book \u201cReligious Transformations in the Early Modern Period,\u201d she examines religious changes and developments in the same time period in other parts of the world, examining them in a comparative way.<\/p>\n

An example is Sikhism, whose founder, Guru Nanak, is an exact contemporary of Luther. He has similar views: He rejects asceticism in favor of family life, argues that scripture should be in the language people think, and he\u2019s a monotheist.<\/p>\n

One may wonder why the European Reformation is echoed in other reform movements, such as Sikhism, and in China, Confucianism.<\/p>\n

\u201cSome of it\u2019s related to technology, notably the printing press, but also just a general reaction to a kind of staleness in the dominant religious of those times and places,\u201d Wiesner-Hanks says.<\/p>\n

The printing press was certainly a boon to Luther, allowing his writings to be broadly and quickly disseminated. In some years, a quarter of the books printed in Germany were written by Luther.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe\u2019s the first person to really brand himself, \u201cWiesner-Hanks says. \u201cHe was trying to persuade persons by argumentation, but also by PR.\u201d<\/p>\n

Consequently, she says, Lutheranism spread with astonishing speed: Within 10 years it was adopted in Scandinavia and many German principalities and cities.<\/p>\n

The anniversary has put Wiesner-Hanks in demand as a speaker. During the Year of Luther, she\u2019s given talks around the country, as well as locally.\u00a0 Her next talk is at the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute<\/a> on Nov. 13.<\/p>\n

Wiesner-Hanks regards the recognition by the Sixteenth Century Society and Conference, the primary scholarly society of the period, as a validation of a dramatic change in Reformation scholarship.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen I started in the biz, there were basically no women, and nobody talked about women,\u201d she laughs. \u201cNow Reformation studies has become very gender-conscious.\u201d<\/p>\n

But she\u2019s also personally pleased with the honor.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey never do that, so we were really flabbergasted.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Merry Wiesner-Hanks, an internationally recognized expert on Martin Luther and a distinguished professor of history at 51ÁÔÆæ, has been in demand as a speaker during the Year of Luther. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":52584,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[174],"tags":[],"section":[127,128],"display_categories":[115,116],"related-coverage":[],"uwmnews-feed":[158,159],"class_list":["post-52583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","section-arts-humanities","section-humanities","display_categories-top-story-secondary","display_categories-top-story-section","uwmnews-feed-letters-science","uwmnews-feed-humanities"],"yoast_head":"\n500 years after start of Reformation, Luther expert says parallels still echo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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