  {"id":49679,"date":"2017-09-14T10:00:17","date_gmt":"2017-09-14T15:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?p=49679"},"modified":"2017-09-18T12:25:58","modified_gmt":"2017-09-18T17:25:58","slug":"uwm-scientists-developing-wind-turbine-blades-heal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/uwm-scientists-developing-wind-turbine-blades-heal\/","title":{"rendered":"51ÁÔÆæ scientists developing wind turbine blades that heal themselves"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>High wind gusts \u2014 the very things that allow wind turbines to crank out energy \u2014 also pose the main challenge to the success of this green energy source. High winds cause the severe vibrations that can crack wind turbine blades.<\/p>\n<p>Lightning strikes and wear also cause cracks, which lead to down time, diminish performance and, most importantly, become unpredictable safety hazards.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA small crack can propagate quickly, and it can send debris to the ground, so you want to stop it right at the beginning,\u201d said Ryoichi Amano, professor of mechanical engineering at 51ÁÔÆæ.<\/p>\n<p>Amano and former graduate student Arun Kumar Koralagundi Matt reimagined the turbine blades\u2019 plastic-like polymer and fiberglass material so that it can stop a crack in its tracks.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_51121\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-51121\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-51121\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2017\/09\/wind.turbine.0047-300x200v2-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Amano uses a flashlight to illuminate a wind turbine blade from behind.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-51121\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Amano shines ultraviolet light behind to the blade to reveal the thin, white, glass tubes sandwiched in between layers. (51ÁÔÆæ Photo\/Elora Hennessey)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u201cThe concept is similar to blood clotting in the human circulatory system,\u201d Amano said.<\/p>\n<p>Replacing a single blade that\u2019s supposed to last 20 years can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, depending on its size, and the self-healing material can lengthen a damaged blade\u2019s life by several years. Multiple that by the rising number of wind turbines in use, and cost savings add up.<\/p>\n<p>While self-healing has been widely studied and tested in metal composites, Amano is the first to apply the idea to polymer and fiberglass composites for wind turbine blades. In the last five years, his lab members have made strides in finding a mechanism that works.<\/p>\n<p>In the researchers\u2019 design, short lengths of hair-like glass tubing containing a healing agent are inserted just below the surface of the turbine blade, which is hollow. The tubing is placed at a certain depth in the layered shell, which is less than a quarter-millimeter thick. Then the 51ÁÔÆæ team mixed a common catalyst with an epoxy resin. They evenly distributed it in powder form in the material surrounding the tiny tubing.<\/p>\n<p>A crack in the blade\u2019s surface breaks open the tubes underneath, releasing the healing agent, which reacts with the catalyst from within to create a kind of solder that seeps into the crack and solidifies in a matter of hours.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe have shown the proof of concept,\u201d said Saman Beyhaghi, a recent doctoral graduate who has tested the material in the experimental wind tunnel at 51ÁÔÆæ \u2014 the largest in the state and one of the largest in the country.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_49684\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-49684\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-49684\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2017\/08\/wind.turbine2-300x200-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Two men work at a lab bench.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-49684\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Undergrad Jie Guo and Professor Ryoichi Amano prepare the self-healing material in the lab. (51ÁÔÆæ Photo\/Elora Hennessey)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The self-healing material would not be used throughout the entire blade, he added, but rather in the area most susceptible to cracks. That \u201cvulnerable zone\u201d extends from behind the blade\u2019s \u201croot\u201d \u2014 the thick end closest to the center rotor \u2014 to about the halfway point.<\/p>\n<p>Before the self-healing material can be introduced to industry, the lab members are addressing a remaining obstacle: Adding the tubing reduces the fiberglass shell\u2019s average tensile strength by 25 percent.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAnything you place within a solid will affect ductility because it\u2019s not entirely solid anymore,\u201d Beyhaghi said. While the lab members are experimenting with changes in the placement of the tubing to address this weakness, Amano says their self-healing blade is still strong enough after crack repair to give it years of additional life.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe still recover 90 percent of the blade\u2019s pre-crack strength after it is mended,\u201d Amano said. \u201cAnd that is amazing.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Technology being developed by Ryoichi Amano could automatically repair cracks in wind turbine blades, making this important source of green energy safer and more efficient. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":836,"featured_media":49682,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[174,175],"tags":[249],"section":[141,139],"display_categories":[115,116],"related-coverage":[],"uwmnews-feed":[167,151,149,153],"class_list":["post-49679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-research","tag-community-engagement","section-engineering","section-science-technology","display_categories-top-story-secondary","display_categories-top-story-section","uwmnews-feed-alumni-association","uwmnews-feed-applied-science","uwmnews-feed-engineering-applied-science","uwmnews-feed-graduate"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>51ÁÔÆæ 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