{"id":14786,"date":"2014-12-05T07:00:31","date_gmt":"2014-12-05T13:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?p=14786"},"modified":"2015-11-12T08:01:36","modified_gmt":"2015-11-12T14:01:36","slug":"first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/","title":{"rendered":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A research team led by physicists at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (51ÁÔÆæ) has proven a method that makes it possible to find the atomic structure of proteins in action by producing \u201csnapshots\u201d of them with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution.<\/p>\n<p>What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).<\/p>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Video by Sara L. Nelson<\/em><\/h6>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uTSvEby-xqw\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Physics professor Marius Schmidt and doctoral student Jason Tenboer recently completed the experiment with the XFEL at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) in California.<\/p>\n<p>It confirms that the XFEL imaging method, called time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX), can unmask protein structures that have never been seen before, determine what each protein does and reveal how they work together to carry out nearly every function in a living organism.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14793\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14793\" style=\"width: 2329px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14793\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\" alt=\"diff_pattern2_wmask\" width=\"2329\" height=\"2191\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14793\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The dots in this graphic show the unique scattering pattern created when X-rays diffract off a protein crystal, forming a kind of fingerprint for that protein. With enough &#8220;fingerprint&#8221; data, a 3D image of the protein&#8217;s structure can be mathematically reconstructed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14792\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14792\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14792 \" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/Figure2_cp_sm-2dirqhk.gif\" alt=\"Figure2_cp_sm\" width=\"800\" height=\"1207\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14792\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">These are essentially &#8220;maps&#8221; of electron clouds in the molecules of the protein and their migration, with red representing the location at one point in time and blue representing a different location a microsecond later.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The experiment also involved researchers from Arizona State University, SUNY Buffalo, University of Chicago, Imperial College London, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, and the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). Results are published today in the journal <i>Science<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p><b>Structure equals function<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The successful test of the method they used has opened the door to discovering what Schmidt calls \u201csome of the grand challenges of biology.\u201d Proteins are behind almost everything that happens in a living organism, and they play a pivotal role not only in human health, but also in issues as diverse as food, drug discovery and energy.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe want to understand the molecular basis of life,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>But advances are only possible if scientists know what each protein does. For that, they have to know the structure \u2013 the arrangements of the atoms in each and how they change when proteins work together.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe could observe reactions in certain proteins before,\u201d says Schmidt, \u201cbut our new results show that we can now investigate reactions in almost all proteins.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>X-ray crystallography is the method of choice to image proteins with near atomic resolution: X-rays are shot at a protein crystal and diffract off in many directions, creating a pattern of dots the way a single shake of a paintbrush will spray splotches of paint on a wall. The pattern is a kind of fingerprint for that protein.<\/p>\n<p>The millions of data points can be mathematically reconstructed to form a three-dimensional image of the atomic structure at a single point in time.<\/p>\n<p>Using the XFEL as the light source, this kind of imaging is improved from previous equipment.<\/p>\n<p><b>Change in an instant<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Schmidt and Tenboer employed a \u201cpump and probe\u201d experiment, first inducing a chemical reaction in a protein crystal the size of a bacterium using an optical laser to get the atoms moving. Immediately afterward, the X-rays bombarded the crystal, forming the diffraction patterns.<\/p>\n<p>One experiment is over in less time than it takes to blink, but in that span, protein changes can be documented.<\/p>\n<p>From this data, the researchers obtained high-resolution \u201cmaps\u201d of time-resolved differences in the electron density, the cloud of electrons in molecules that shifts around during a reaction.<\/p>\n<p>With the XFEL at their X-ray source, Schmidt and Tenboer have overcome limitations with previous methods to follow these shifts.<\/p>\n<p>The XFEL\u2019s ultra-quick X-ray pulses makes it possible to collect imaging data during a very short time span \u2013 nearly instantaneous \u2013 and record the change that occurred in the structure as proteins perform their function.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBiology happens at inconceivably short time spans,\u201d says Tenboer. \u201cSo the XFEL at Stanford allows us to do time-resolved studies of proteins in action down to the femtosecond time scale \u2013 that\u2019s 10 <sup>-15<\/sup> of a second. The blink of an eye probably happens on a millisecond time scale; so you\u2019re still talking about twelve orders of magnitude faster.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Also, because the XFEL is a billion times brighter than any existing equipment, scientists can use much smaller crystals, even those at nanoscale, which are easier to form. Laser light used to start a reaction in these very small crystals can penetrate fully through the entire crystal and uniformly initiate a reaction in them.<\/p>\n<p>Both the incredible pulse speed of the XFEL and the strength of the reaction initiated by the optical laser boosted the signal, revealing finer detail.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is essential to show unambiguously the structural changes,\u201d Schmidt says.<\/p>\n<p>The next step for the research group is to perform a faster \u201cpump and probe\u201d experiment. With an X-ray pulse of 40 femtoseconds, they hope to see step-by-step changes in the resulting images and evidence of the very first elementary steps that lead to the function of these proteins.<\/p>\n<p>51ÁÔÆæ and the majority of the experimental team on this work is involved in a Science and Technology Center (STC) called \u201cBioXFEL.\u201d Its mission is to use the XFEL to watch biomolecular machines at work, understand how these molecular machines support life, and provide training and new tools to the scientific community. Funded by the National Science Foundation, the STC is led by SUNY Buffalo and includes Arizona State University, Cornell University, Rice University, Stanford University and the University of California at Davis and at San Francisco.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14795\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14795\" style=\"width: 760px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14795  \" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/protein-team-20bezy1.jpg\" alt=\"Members of the 51ÁÔÆæ physics team working on the protein imaging project at the Stanford XFEL include (from left), Associate Professor Peter Schwander, Distinguished Professor Abbas Ourmazd, Professor Marius Schmidt, and doctoral student Jason Tenboer, intern Jennifer Scales and graduate student. (Photo by Troye Fox)\" width=\"760\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/protein-team-20bezy1.jpg 760w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/protein-team-20bezy1-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14795\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Members of the 51ÁÔÆæ physics team working on the protein imaging project at the Stanford XFEL include (from left), Associate Professor Peter Schwander, Distinguished Professor Abbas Ourmazd, Professor Marius Schmidt, and doctoral student Jason Tenboer, intern Jennifer Scales and post-doctoral researcher Kanupriya Pande\u200b. (Photo by Troye Fox)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>###<\/p>\n<p>Contact: Marius Schmidt, 414-229-4338, m-schmidt@uwm.edu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":836,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[175],"tags":[],"section":[140,139],"display_categories":[],"related-coverage":[],"uwmnews-feed":[158,161],"class_list":["post-14786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research","section-science","section-science-technology","uwmnews-feed-letters-science","uwmnews-feed-hard-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"51ÁÔÆæ REPORT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Laura Otto\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@51ÁÔÆæNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@51ÁÔÆæNews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Laura Otto\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Laura Otto\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2f360a26f3df4ff8f31b58e43d772565\"},\"headline\":\"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":999,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\",\"articleSection\":[\"Research\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/\",\"name\":\"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00\",\"description\":\"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/\",\"name\":\"51ÁÔÆæ REPORT\",\"description\":\"News from the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2017\\\/02\\\/uwm-seo-logo.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/41\\\/2017\\\/02\\\/uwm-seo-logo.jpg\",\"width\":225,\"height\":224,\"caption\":\"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/51ÁÔÆæNews\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/2f360a26f3df4ff8f31b58e43d772565\",\"name\":\"Laura Otto\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/uwm.edu\\\/news\\\/author\\\/llhuntuwm-edu\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser","description":"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser","og_description":"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).","og_url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/","og_site_name":"51ÁÔÆæ REPORT","article_published_time":"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00","article_modified_time":"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Laura Otto","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@51ÁÔÆæNews","twitter_site":"@51ÁÔÆæNews","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Laura Otto","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/"},"author":{"name":"Laura Otto","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/2f360a26f3df4ff8f31b58e43d772565"},"headline":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser","datePublished":"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/"},"wordCount":999,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif","articleSection":["Research"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/","name":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif","datePublished":"2014-12-05T13:00:31+00:00","dateModified":"2015-11-12T14:01:36+00:00","description":"What made it possible were the ultra-short X-ray pulses of a Free Electron Laser (XFEL).","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif","contentUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2014\/12\/diff_pattern2_wmask-1xvuoa1.gif"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/first-ever-view-of-protein-structures-in-action\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"51ÁÔÆæ team the first to \u201csee\u201d atomic changes in proteins with an X-ray laser"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#website","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/","name":"51ÁÔÆæ REPORT","description":"News from the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#organization","name":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2017\/02\/uwm-seo-logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/41\/2017\/02\/uwm-seo-logo.jpg","width":225,"height":224,"caption":"University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/51ÁÔÆæNews"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/2f360a26f3df4ff8f31b58e43d772565","name":"Laura Otto","url":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/author\/llhuntuwm-edu\/"}]}},"acf":[],"publishpress_future_action":{"enabled":false,"date":"2026-04-26 00:24:51","action":"change-status","newStatus":"draft","terms":[],"taxonomy":"category","extraData":[]},"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/836"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14786"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21577,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14786\/revisions\/21577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14786"},{"taxonomy":"section","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/section?post=14786"},{"taxonomy":"display_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/display_categories?post=14786"},{"taxonomy":"related-coverage","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/related-coverage?post=14786"},{"taxonomy":"uwmnews-feed","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/uwmnews-feed?post=14786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}