{"id":12481,"date":"2014-06-13T10:11:43","date_gmt":"2014-06-13T15:11:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/?p=12481"},"modified":"2015-11-12T08:20:45","modified_gmt":"2015-11-12T14:20:45","slug":"online-collection-opens-a-wide-window-on-milwaukees-polish-past","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/news\/online-collection-opens-a-wide-window-on-milwaukees-polish-past\/","title":{"rendered":"Online collection opens a wide window on Milwaukee\u2019s Polish past"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"This<\/a>
This campaign poster from 1920 hints at Milwaukee’s early Socialist history.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Just in time for Polish Fest \u2013 June 13-15 \u2013 the 51ÁÔÆæ Libraries are opening up historic Polish Milwaukee to the world.<\/p>\n

\u201cMilwaukee Polonia,\u201d a digital collection of nearly 32,000 historic photographs of the city\u2019s Polish-American community, is now online at www.uwm.edu\/mkepolonia<\/a>. The collection will also be the subject of a large-screen exhibition in the cultural activities tent at Polish Fest<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"An<\/a>
An iconic “Polish Flat.” The Milwaukee Poles were known for adding value to their homes by jacking them up and adding a new lower floor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cThis collection is the largest we know of documenting the Polish-American community,\u201d says Michael Doylen, assistant director and head of archives at the 51ÁÔÆæ Libraries. The collection features the photography of Roman B. J. Kwasniewski, who lived and worked in Milwaukee\u2019s South Side Polish community, Polonia, from1910 through the \u201840s. Photographs of this time period, Doylen says, capture Polonia at its most cohesive.<\/p>\n

\u201cMilwaukee has one of the oldest and largest Polish communities in America,\u201d says Doylen. Close-knit families lived in predominately Polish neighborhoods, attended Catholic churches and schools in the area and spoke Polish at home and out in the community.<\/p>\n

In addition to thousands of formal photographs of weddings, First Communion celebrations, confirmations and graduations, Kwasniewski took his camera out into the community to photograph street scenes, buildings, parks, businesses, manufacturers, sports teams and fraternal societies.\u00a0 \u201cThose candid photos offer another perspective of the community,\u201d says Doylen.<\/p>\n

The collection was donated to 51ÁÔÆæ in 1979 and opened for research in 1991, but this is the first time scholars and the public will be able to view it from anywhere in the world.<\/p>\n

The 51ÁÔÆæ Libraries started a project in 2010 to make the collection more accessible. \u201cIt is one of our flagship collections,\u201d says Doylen, \u201cso we were really motivated to digitize it and share it with the world.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"A<\/a>
A parade float entered by Kuryer Polski, a Polish–language newspaper.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Most of the photos were in the form of glass negatives. \u201cThey were heavy, fragile and difficult for the public to access,\u201d says Doylen. In spite of that, photos from the collection have been featured in many books on Milwaukee and America\u2019s Polish communities, including the \u201cEncyclopedia of Polish America.\u201d<\/p>\n

Individuals researching genealogy have also found the collection useful, and will find it even more so now that it\u2019s digitized and searchable by names. \u201cIt\u2019s really splendid for family histories,\u201d says Doylen.<\/p>\n

Because so many of the negatives were a standard size (5×7) and format, Ann Hanlon, the head of digital collections and the \u201cKwas\u201d student team, were able to digitally capture the photos quickly. Jim Lowrey, assistant director of libraries, developed a \u201crail system\u201d that allowed a three-person team to remove the negatives from their envelopes, photograph them using a stationary Nikon D800 camera mounted over a light box, then rewrap and return them to the physical archives.<\/p>\n

\"Part<\/a>
Portion\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0 graduation portrait of students at\u00a0 St. Josaphat school, located not far from Kwasniewski’s Lincoln Avenue studio.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u2018This process is very creative, and hasn\u2019t been used before,\u201d says Hanlon. \u201cIt was incredibly efficient.\u201d<\/p>\n

The online collection is organized by names, places and topics. There are numerous photos of schools, classes, nuns and priests, but also photos of manufacturing firms, workers, and even funerals. With a \u201chistory pin\u201d feature, users will be able to see both past and present views of the same places.<\/p>\n

Because Kwasniewski kept meticulous business records, the project team members have been able to fill in historical details about the photos, and integrate an existing database of information into the online archive. The staff also added maps and information about specific landmarks such as the Basilica of St. Josaphat, the Modjeska Theatre and Kosciuszko Park.<\/p>\n

With contributions from Professor of History Neal Pease and Professor Emeritus of Political Science Donald Pienkos, and others in the community, the online collection was able to include additional articles about topics such as immigration, Catholicism and education in the Polish community.<\/p>\n

Well-known Milwaukee historian John Gurda contributed the introduction he wrote for a 2003 book about the photos, \u201cIlluminating the Particular: Photographs of Milwaukee\u2019s Polish South Side,\u201d published in 2003 by the Wisconsin Historical Society Press. The photos also include a \u201ccomments\u201d section, allowing readers to add more information and personal anecdotes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Just in time for Polish Fest \u2013 June 13-15 \u2013 the 51ÁÔÆæ Libraries are opening up historic Polish Milwaukee to the world.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":835,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[174],"tags":[],"section":[122,123],"display_categories":[],"related-coverage":[],"uwmnews-feed":[],"class_list":["post-12481","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","section-campus-community","section-campus-partnerships"],"yoast_head":"\nOnline collection opens a wide window on Milwaukee\u2019s Polish past<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Just in time for Polish Fest \u2013 June 13-15 \u2013 the 51ÁÔÆæ Libraries are opening up historic Polish Milwaukee to the world.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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