{"id":28906,"date":"2025-01-07T00:01:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-07T06:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/letters-science\/?p=28906"},"modified":"2025-01-07T09:13:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-07T15:13:16","slug":"uwm-biology-graduate-works-with-noaa-to-restore-salmon-habitats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/letters-science\/in-focus\/alumni-student-news\/uwm-biology-graduate-works-with-noaa-to-restore-salmon-habitats\/","title":{"rendered":"51ÁÔÆæ biology graduate works with NOAA to restore salmon habitats"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

In the Pacific northwest, salmon is king. The animals are a staple of Washington State\u2019s economy, and they\u2019re culturally and economically important to the state\u2019s tribes as well. That\u2019s not to mention their vital role in the ecosystem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, when you\u2019re trying to restore and preserve riparian (river adjacent) forests and wetlands in Washington, you need someone who really knows her fish \u2013 someone like 51ÁÔÆæ alumna Chemine Jackels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMy son\u2019s friends will go fishing and they\u2019ll ask me what a specific kind of fish is,\u201d Jackels said with a smile. \u201cI\u2019m also a Girl Scout leader, and we go out at low tide, and I teach (my troop). They know that I\u2019m an aquatic biologist.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s one of the reasons that she\u2019s so good at her job as a marine habitat restoration specialist with NOAA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cI absolutely love it,\u201d Jackels said of her work. \u201cI always had a passion for the environment, and I knew that I wanted to work with threatened and endangered species and make a difference in their recovery.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Habitat restoration<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Most people think of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration<\/a> as the group that tracks hurricanes, but NOAA does much more than monitor severe weather. The organization also has a branch called NOAA Fisheries<\/a>. They oversee management of commercial fisheries, but \u201cthey also have jurisdiction over federal endangered species that are marine-based, or in the case of salmon, marine and freshwater,\u201d explained Jackels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Work is busier than ever, thanks to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act. These federal actions allocated millions of dollars to NOAA, which has used that money to award grants to local governments, nonprofits, and tribes interested in improving community resilience and habitat for fish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A
51ÁÔÆæ biological sciences grad Chemine Jackels paddles on the Snoqualmie River in western Washington. Photo courtesy of Chemine Jackels.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As an ERT-contract NOAA restoration specialist, Jackels helps guide those groups through the permitting process, offers input on their project design, and makes sure that they meet their project milestones. She also helps them comply with federal laws, including the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, and the National Historic Preservation Act. That\u2019s not to mention her work with the Washington Tribes, which are an important partner in restoration work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usually, projects fall into one of two categories: Fish passage and hydrologic restoration. Fish passage means improving routes for salmon to travel by removing a dam, for example, or widening culverts for migratory fish species. Hydrologic restoration involves reconnecting a river with its floodplain. That might mean removing a levee so that the river can form side channels and open more areas for fish to forage for food.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But it\u2019s not just the fish that benefit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Environmental connections<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

While salmon are important to the people living in the region, they\u2019re essential for the ecosystem. Healthy salmon runs are a good indicator of water quality. In addition, most salmon die after they spawn in freshwater, and their carcasses provide all sorts of beneficial marine nutrients to rivers and streams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And of course, salmon are an essential food source.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe have critically endangered Southern Resident killer whales<\/a> here that eat primarily salmon, specifically Chinook salmon, and there are not enough,\u201d Jackels said. \u201cSo, the whales are starving. Their population declines every year. They cannot keep calves alive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A
A Southern Resident killer whale leaps into the air. The Southern Residents are an endangered population of fish-eating killer whales. Image courtesy of NOAA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

You may recall news stories from 2018 about one of the Southern Resident orcas, known as J35, who carried her dead newborn calf on her head for over 1,000 miles. The same whale recently gave birth to another calf, which sadly was confirmed dead on New Year\u2019s Day<\/a>. J35 has started the same grieving process of carrying this dead calf around, just like she did in 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Producing calves is a huge energetic (and emotional) investment for these highly intelligent, social whales. J35 needs plenty of food so she can produce the milk her calves need to thrive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSo, we really need to boost the salmon population to feed them, and particularly the Chinook salmon,\u201d said Jackels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That means the fish need more places to spawn, eat, and grow before beginning their journey to the open ocean. Salmon spend most of their lives in the saltwater ocean, but they return yearly to freshwater rivers and streams to lay their eggs. Over time, many of those spawning and rearing grounds have been lost, due to human development and modifications to rivers and their adjacent habitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s why habitat restoration is so vital. The community projects that Jackels oversees will open up new waterways and spawning and rearing grounds. Jackels smiles as she recalls one project she worked on while she was employed with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Her group was relocating a stream from a channelized road-side ditch to a meandered channel through a forested wetland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"A
Chemine Jackels’ work will open up new spawning and rearing grounds for fish like this Coho salmon. Photo courtesy of the Bureau of Land Management.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u201c(The salmon) were waiting there (to use the new stream). We see that a lot; there\u2019s a general sort of mantra that if you build the habitat, they will come. I\u2019ve personally witnessed that.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These days, Jackels is consulting on a few restoration projects. One project in southwestern Washington will completely remove a culvert that impedes fish access to high quality, forested stream habitat; for another, she is monitoring habitat changes in an area where a dam was removed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A fishy start<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s always been Jackels\u2019 dream to work with threatened and endangered species, but she learned to love fish while she was working on her bachelor\u2019s and master\u2019s degrees in biology at 51ÁÔÆæ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhat really hooked me into aquatic biology or fish biology was taking (associate professor) Tim Ehlinger\u2019s class,\u201d she recalled. \u201cHe taught a class on ecology. \u2026 I ended up getting a job in his lab working in the summer doing stream and fish surveys. That\u2019s where I really started to find my niche.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After graduation, a 51ÁÔÆæ professor helped Jackels procure a research appointment at the University of Washington. Later, she worked with the Army Corps of Engineers in Washington, assisting with Endangered Species Act and Clean Water Act compliance, before joining NOAA as a contract employee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her job is fulfilling, though often at the mercy of federal policy and congressional budgets. Even so, Jackels is heartened by the sheer number of people interested in habitat restoration. \u201cThe demand is really high,\u201d she said with a smile. \u201cIt gives me hope that there are so many possibilities out there. I\u2019ve met a lot of incredible, passionate people who care about the environment and salmon recovery.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Sarah Vickery, College of Letters & Science<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In the Pacific northwest, salmon is king. The animals are a staple of Washington State\u2019s economy, and they\u2019re culturally and economically important to the state\u2019s tribes as well. That\u2019s not to mention their vital role in the ecosystem. So, when …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":785,"featured_media":28907,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[1848,1648,1956,1946],"tags":[1851],"class_list":["post-28906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alumni-student-news","category-in-focus","category-in-focus-2025","category-in-focus-spotlight","tag-january"],"yoast_head":"\nLetters & Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/letters-science\/in-focus\/uwm-biology-graduate-works-with-noaa-to-restore-salmon-habitats\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"51ÁÔÆæ biology graduate works with NOAA to restore salmon habitats\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the Pacific northwest, salmon is king. 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