51ΑΤΖζ

A new partnership between UW-Milwaukee and the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center is paving the way for undergraduate students to gain experience on the frontlines of cancer research.

°Υ³σ±πΜύMCW Cancer Center and 51ΑΤΖζ Undergraduate Research ProgramΒ is wrapping up its inaugural year as students in the program finish their summer research in the MCW Cancer Center labs. The collaboration is designed to train a new generation of researchers by pairing classroom training with hands-on experience as students work alongside mentors from the Cancer Center.

β€œWe want to identify and empower the next generation of career cancer researchers who will be the ones to make the next major breakthroughs in discoveries and therapeutics,” said Michele Battle, PhD, one of the program’s co-creators.

In the beginning

The partnership grew out of a conversation between 51ΑΤΖζ Chancellor Mark Mone and Gustavo Leone, PhD, the director of the , as the two discussed ways the institutions could collaborate. For Mone, who was  in 2020, enabling students to engage in cancer research seemed like a natural fit.

So, Mone approached Kyla Esguerra, the deputy director of undergraduate research at 51ΑΤΖζ, to set up the partnership on the university’s side. Dr. Leone handed the same task to Dr. Battle, a professor of cell biology, neurobiology, and anatomy at MCW.

Together, Dr. Battle and Esguerra built a program that is meant to provide students with a long-term research experience at the hands of accomplished mentors who can guide them on their career paths.

β€œOur goal is to provide them with a longitudinal experience so that they are integrated and working in cancer labs early during their time at 51ΑΤΖζ,” Dr. Battle explained. β€œWe want them to continue in those labs through the time that they graduate.”

That’s important, she added, because while standalone research programs are enriching and give students valuable experience, they often focus on technical training, rather than allowing students to delve deeply into the work.

β€œWe encourage the students, from the start, to become very intellectually engaged in the research project,” Dr. Battle said. β€œWe want them to understand what the project is about, why it is important, how it is going to impact cancer research, and how it is going to impact how we care for patients or design new drugs.”

But to do that, Esguerra realized that the students needed to learn how to do research.

In the classroom and the lab

So, the program is designed to start with a seminar class, co-taught by Dr. Battle and Esguerra, for any student interested in taking part in the program. They drew students from several disciplines across the university, including public health and psychology, though most are majors in the natural sciences or on the pre-med track. Research experience was a plus, Esguerra noted, but not required.

The class focused on the basics of research: How to identify a line of inquiry, write a proposal, and apply for grant funding, among other skills. The students were paired with mentors at the MCW Cancer Center to work on existing projects so they could gain a deeper understanding of the skills and science behind various aspects of cancer research. At the end of the class, the students presented their research proposals before a committee of experts, including Chancellor Mone and Dr. Leone.

β€œ(The students) just blew them away. It was really spectacular,” Dr. Battle said with pride.

Based on their submissions, 10 of the students were awarded a $10,000 scholarship to participate in a summer fellowship to advance their research projects alongside their mentors at the MCW Cancer Center.

Florin Saitis and Suha Malik smiled with delight when they heard they were chosen for the summer fellowship.

β€œIt seemed daunting at first, since it involved research into something significant as cancer,” Malik admitted. β€œAlthough I had been involved in research at 51ΑΤΖζ, I felt that, as a pre-med student, and as someone who envisions herself in the healthcare field in the future, this MCW Cancer Center/51ΑΤΖζ joint program would provide unparalleled opportunity to become involved in research centering around healthcare.”

Malik and Saitis, both biology majors, are two of the 10 students chosen to receive fellowships. Saitis worked under the guidance of Dr. Blake Hill and Malik was mentored by Dr. Leone.

Both say the classroom seminar and the proposal presentation were intimidating, but rewarding.

β€œThe mentorship and the support that we received, not only from our MCW Cancer Center mentors but also Kyla and Dr. Battle, really guided us,” Malik said. It also prepared them to present  at the  in April.

Saitis said that he appreciated the camaraderie that the cohort built, and the experience he gained. Spending time in the lab was a fun challenge, he added.

β€œLearning to work with PhD students and research scientists, learning a lot of different lab techniques, and seeing the variety of things that be accomplished at a research lab in a single day has really been incredible at a state-of-the-art facility,” Saitis said. β€œI’ve also learned how to advocate for myself when I don’t understand something, when there is my own knowledge gap that needs to be filled.”

In the future

The MCW Cancer Center and 51ΑΤΖζ Undergraduate Research Program is welcoming its second cohort of researchers this fall as last year’s group continues their work. Dr. Battle and Esguerra hope that students will continue to participate throughout their years at 51ΑΤΖζ.

The 10 students presented outcomes of their work at a poster session at MCW on Aug. 30.

β€œAs they continue their work, they will continue to present locally, or hopefully we’ll send them to research conferences,” Dr. Battle mused. β€œMaybe they’ll have first authorship on a paper. … With these research projects, they set themselves up nicely for whatever they want to do next.”

For Saitis and Malik, that will probably be medical school. Malik comes from a family of physicians and wants to follow in that tradition. She’s also found her own love of medicine studying the human body. Saitis enjoys interacting with patients and volunteered at a local clinic when he was in high school.

β€œI’m excited to be somewhere I can make a difference in the research load,” Saitis added.

Wherever they end up, Esguerra is pleased with how they started.

β€œIt’s a steep learning curve, and we had students from many different starting points. We were thrilled that they all ended up submitting research proposals,” Esguerra said. She’s excited to find more students who want to contribute to cancer research, and from more disciplines – perhaps from social sciences like economics or political science.

β€œWe’re looking for students who are curious and inquisitive, who have an interest in creating new knowledge,” she said.

If that sounds like you, check out the MCW Cancer Center and 51ΑΤΖζ Undergraduate Research program. You might just be needed on the frontlines of cancer research.

By Sarah Vickery, College of Letters & Science

Suha Malik is conducting research under the guidance of her mentor, , PhD, MCW Cancer Center director.

Her research focuses on the cell cycle – specifically, the phase in the cycle where the cell stops growing and begins to replicate its chromosomes to prepare for division.

β€œThe Retinoblastoma-E2F axis regulates the checkpoint between G1, a growth phase in the cell, and S phase, when DNA replication occurs,” Malik explained. β€œRB is a protein called retinoblastoma. It acts a tumor-suppressor protein. E2Fs are a family of transcription factors, and many of these promote the expression of genes that are vital for DNA replication.”

RB binds to E2Fs to inactivate them, preventing the progression of the cell cycle. When RB is not bound to E2Fs, the cell cycle can continue.

β€œIn terms of cancer, if something goes wrong in this Rb/ E2F axis, the cell may be dividing when it’s not supposed to. That can cause this proliferation of cells, which can cause tumors and eventually cancer,” Malik said.

She and Dr. Leone are examining what happens if either the Rb or E2F is β€œknocked out” of cells in mice. They hope their research will allow them to identify particular genes affected by the axis, which could potentially be targets in cancer treatment.

Florin Saitis is working with his mentor, , to understand the role of mitochondria in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is notoriously difficult to diagnose and treat. It has a 5-year survival rate of around 10%.

β€œIn pancreatic cancer, it has been shown that there is an increase in mitochondrial fission. Some preliminary studies have said that, if you’re able to prevent this mitochondrial fission, it will impair the cancer cells’ travel,” Saitis said.

Mitochondria are organelles that live within the body’s cells. As many may remember from high school biology classes, mitochondria are the β€œpowerhouses” of the cell. They take energy from food and convert it into a molecule called ATP, which is the energy β€œcurrency” that cells use to function. Mitochondria are also constantly dividing in a process called β€œfission” before they fuse back togetehr.

Saitis and Dr. Hill are examining a specific protein that binds to the outer membrane of the mitochondria and recruits the enzyme that performs mitochondrial fission.

β€œWe’re looking at inhibiting mitochondrial fission and its impact on pancreatic cancer cells. Hopefully in the future, this will become a novel treatment for pancreatic cancer,” Saitis explained. β€œBased on early results, I found that inhibiting Fis1 (the recruiter protein) with a novel peptide inhibitor reduced mouse pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by up to 75%!”