Professor and Director of 51ÁÔĆć’s Center for Water Policy, Melissa Scanlan, talks about many ways data centers use great amounts of water with .
Weighing in on Lake Michigan public beach access
Where can the public walk along Lake Michigan? That’s the question at hand for the recent municipal court trial in Shorewood where a man was accused of trespassing after taking a route north of Atwater Beach. He’s contesting the $313 fine out of principle. Melissa Scanlan, professor and director of the Center for Water Policy, said there hasnât been a Wisconsin court case or administrative rule relating to walking up below the high water mark on Great Lakes shorelines.
Scanlan was cited in and articles, concerning the fine.
CWP talks importance of protecting Wisconsin’s wetlands
Tressie Kamp, Assistant Director of 51ÁÔĆć’s Center for Water Policy, was recently quoted in a Great Lakes Now article on Wisconsin’s wetlands.
âIn southeast Wisconsin in particular, this issue exemplifies how the protection or lack of protection in an area can impact such a wide swath of stakeholders,â said Tressie Kamp, assistant director of the Center for Water Policy at University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
2025 Water Policy Publications
In 2025, the Water Policy Program at the UW-Milwaukee School of Freshwater Sciences continued its multidisciplinary research on the most urgent freshwater policy challenges. Our workâfeatured in academic articles, policy briefs, and other reportsâexamines a broad set of issues shaping the future of water sustainability and governance. This yearâs publications highlight policy needs and emerging solutions related to AI-data center water consumption and transparency, flood protection, the evolving PFAS regulatory landscape, abandoned boats, and more.
Making Waves Worldwide with Maggie Armstrong
How one professional master’s alum turned her degree into a global science adventure.
From Wisconsin to New Zealand, professional master’s alum Maggie Armstrong has followed the current of freshwater science across continents. Her journey shows how curiosity â and saying âyesâ to unexpected opportunities â can open doors to a global research career. We recently chatted with Maggie, despite varying time zones, to hear what sheâs been up to!
Where are you from originally, and what first drew you to freshwater science?
Maggie: Iâm a born-and-raised Wisconsinite from Waukesha. Growing up, I thought I wanted to be a veterinarian or a wildlife ecologist â I loved being outdoors and studying animals. I went to UWâStevens Point for my bachelorâs degree and quickly realized there was an entire field dedicated to freshwater science. Having spent summers on northern Wisconsin lakes and living near Lake Michigan, that clicked instantly. From day one, I knew I wanted to work with water.
What led you to pursue your masterâs at the School of Freshwater Sciences?
Maggie: I graduated from Stevens Point with a solid foundation in water resources but wanted to go further. The professional master’s program at 51ÁÔĆć was perfect â it blended the technical science I loved with applied management and policy. I was especially drawn to courses like water law and economics, which opened my eyes to how science supports decision-making. I really appreciated that the program was flexible and had such a diverse cohort of students from different backgrounds.
After earning your master’s degree, how did your career take shape?
Maggie: I graduated in December 2016 and told myself I was ready for the workforce â no PhD for me! But family and friends kept suggesting it, so I decided to apply to just one program. I found this incredible European Unionâfunded network of PhD positions across Europe and applied mostly to prove I could. Months later, I was offered a position! Within a few weeks, I packed up and moved to the Netherlands.
My PhD focused on freshwater lake ecosystem services and how they function under extreme climate events. It took me across the Netherlands, Spain, and even through COVID lockdowns in Europe. That experience really shaped how I see the connection between research, management, and communities.
And now youâre working in New Zealand â tell us about that!
Maggie: Yes! My postdoc brought me here a couple of years ago. Iâm working on modeling projects that look at how to manage lakes under changing environmental conditions. Modeling was a skill I hadnât developed during my PhD â thanks to COVID â so this role has helped fill that gap. Iâve also been mentoring students and collaborating with researchers around the world through the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON).
Youâve lived and worked in several countries. Whatâs been the most impactful part of those international experiences?
Maggie: Everywhere Iâve worked has a unique approach to science and water management â but at the core, the goals are the same. In the Netherlands, for example, theyâre incredibly inventive because much of the country is below sea level. In New Zealand, the MÄori iwi (tribal groups) are deeply connected to their lakes and rivers and serve as guardians of those systems. Collaborating with them has been incredibly meaningful â itâs a model for how science and culture can work hand in hand.
What aspects of the professional master’s program prepared you most for your research career?
Maggie: The biggest thing was learning to think beyond the lab. Science doesnât stop at publishing papers â it needs to reach decision-makers and communities. The program really emphasized applied science and management. Courses in economics, communication, and even business gave me perspective on how different disciplines intersect. I even joined a business competition on a cruise from Miami to Mexico! I was definitely the only scientist there, but it taught me how to collaborate across worlds.
What kinds of research questions or projects excite you most now?
Maggie: Iâm passionate about transdisciplinary work â bringing together scientists, policymakers, and the public to solve freshwater challenges. During my PhD, I co-created a game to help people understand how lakes respond to climate impacts. It started as an open-day activity, then became one of my thesis chapters. We also surveyed lake managers to learn how they use scientific research in decision-making. Whether itâs games, modeling, or social surveys, I love finding new ways to connect science with people.
Is there a project youâre especially proud of?
Maggie: Definitely that game project! It showed how fun and collaborative science can be. It turned complex ecological processes into something visual and interactive. Seeing people engage and learn from it â that was the moment I thought, âYes, this is what science can be.â
What advice would you give to students considering the PSM or studying freshwater sciences?
Maggie: Take the opportunities. Say yes to things that interest you, even if they seem outside your comfort zone. During the PSM, I got involved with outreach, classroom visits, and extra projects that shaped who I am as a scientist. You might start with a clear idea of what you want to do, but freshwater science touches everything â thereâs a whole world of perspectives and possibilities.
Youâve had such a global career already â whatâs next?
Maggie: Iâm still figuring that out! My postdoc wraps up in about nine months, and Iâve started the job search early this time. Iâm not done wandering the world yet, but ideally, Iâd like to continue working internationally â maybe back in Europe or in Canada. Wherever I go next, I want to keep bridging science and management to make real-world impact.
Curious about our professional master’s program? Learn more on our website. You can also fill our form to request more information and get connected to our academics team.
11 Freshwater courses to sink into this spring
It seems like the Fall 2025 semester just began, but itâs time again to start thinking about the spring semester and what classes youâll take. Looking to explore, experiment or expand your skills in the spring?
Here are 10 Freshwater and Atmospheric Science courses to consider as youâre enrolling in classes. Whether youâre dipping your toe in to some GERs or youâre a graduate student further deepening your freshwater knowledge, thereâs something for everyone!
GER Courses
1. Elements of Water (FRSHWTR 101)
The science behind Earthâs most vital resource.
From drinking water to droughts, this course breaks down the role of freshwater in our world. Youâll explore how water supports life, shapes economies, and drives climateâplus what happens when the cycle is disrupted. No science background necessaryâjust curiosity and a desire to understand todayâs most important resource. This is a core course within the Freshwater Sciences BS program. Itâs also a Natural Science GER course! Fulfill your NS credit requirements with this unique course!
- 3 credits, Monday/Wednesday 1-2:15 on main campus (Lapham 160)
- Instructor: Ryan Newton
- No prerequisites
2. Survey of Meteorology (ATM SCI 100)
Understand the science behind the skies.
From sunny days to severe storms, this course unpacks how weather works and why it matters. Youâll learn to read weather maps, decode forecasts, and explore phenomena like tornadoes, cyclones, and climate trends. Includes a hands-on labâno science background needed, just an interest in the world around you. This is a Natural Science GER course that fulfills the lab requirement. Open to anyone!
- 3 credits, Various sections with in-person lecture on main campus OR asynchronous online lecture and a few in-person or online lab options
- Instructor: Varies by section
- No prerequisites
3. Thunderstorms, Tornadoes and Hurricanes (ATM SCI 109)
Go inside the storm.
Explore how and why natureâs most extreme weather events form. From towering thunderstorms to devastating hurricanes, this course breaks down the atmospheric conditions that fuel them. Learn the science behind the storm systems that shape headlines (and history). This is a Natural Science GER course. Fulfill your NS credit requirements with this course!
- 3 credits, Online course
- Instructor: Sergey Kravtsov
- No prerequisites!
Undergraduate Courses
4. The Water Environment (FRSHWTR 201)
How does water sustain our planet?
This course takes a deep dive into the water environmentâexploring how physical, chemical, and biological factors shape the survival and behavior of aquatic organisms. From temperature and pH to predator-prey relationships, you’ll gain a holistic understanding of the forces that define life below the surface. Expanding upon the concepts learned in FRSHWTR 101, this is a Core course part of the Freshwater Sciences BS degree requirements.
- 3 credits, Tuesday/Thursday 9:30-10:45am Lapham W120
- Instructor: Brandon Gerig
- Prerequisites: BIO SCI 150 CHEM 102, MATH 105
5. Exploration of Inland Seas (FRSHWTR 321)
The Great Lakes arenât the only large lakes in the world.
Explore the science and significance of Earth’s largest lakes in this introductory course. You’ll examine the unique physical, chemical, and biological properties of these massive freshwater systems, while also learning about their history of research, use, and management. Itâs the perfect starting point for anyone curious about how large lakes functionâand why they matter. This is an Elective course within the Freshwater Sciences degree program for undergraduates.
- 3 credits, Monday/Wednesday 2:30-3:45pm
- Instructor: Benjamin Peterson
- Prerequisites: Sophomore standing or above
6. Ecology and Evolution of Freshwater Organisms
Discover how aquatic life lives beneath the surface.
Explore how populations, communities, and ecosystems evolve and interact in aquatic environments. This course was last offered in Spring 2023, so definitely consider as itâs not regularly offered like some of our other courses. This is an Elective course within the Freshwater Sciences degree program for both undergraduate and graduate students.
- 3 credits, Thursdays 11:30am-2:10pm
- Instructor: Brandon Gerig
- Prerequisites: BIO SCI 150
7. Water and Natural Resource Economics (FRSHWTR 391)
Ever wondered how economics shapes environmental choices?
Explore economic theory and decision-making tools used to tackle todayâs environmental challenges. With a focus on water and other natural resources, youâll learn how to evaluate trade-offs, assess policy impacts, and apply economic analysis to support sustainable resource management. Itâs a great fit for those interested in both the science and strategy behind environmental solutions. This course is typically offered during Spring semesters. Itâs also a Core Course within the undergraduate program.
- 3 credits, Tuesdays/Thursdays 9:30am-10:45 Bolton 294
- Instructor: James Price
- Prerequisites: ECON 103
Upper Level Elective Courses
8. Environmental Health of Freshwater Ecosystems (FRSHWTR 506/G)
Environmental Health of Freshwater Ecosystems (FRSHWTR 506/G)
Dive into a course that examines how human activityâfrom pollution to climate changeâimpacts the health of freshwater ecosystems and the people who rely on them. You’ll explore the complex connections between environmental change, aquatic life, and public health, gaining insight into the challenges and solutions facing our water systems today. This course was last offered in Spring 2025, so keep that in mind if itâs on your radar. This course is open to both undergraduate and graduate students.
- 3 credits, Wednesday 9:30am-12:10pm Great Lakes Research Facility 1084
- Instructor: Benjamin Peterson
- Prerequisites: Junior standing, BIO SCI 150, CHEM 102 or graduate standing
9. Economics, Policy and Management of Water (FRSHWTR 510/G)
Explore how economics, policy, and management shape the way we protect and use freshwater resources. Students learn how scientific data and economic principles come together to inform real-world decisionsâfrom water pricing and infrastructure investments to environmental regulations. Itâs a perfect course for anyone interested in how policy and science drive sustainable water solutions. This course is open to both undergraduate and graduate students.
- 3 credits, Mondays/Wednesdays 1-2:15pm Great Lakes Research Facility 1084
- Instructor: Tracy Boyer
- Prerequisites: Junior standing and FRSHWTR 391
10. Analytical Techniques in Freshwater Sciences (FRSHWTR 514/G)
Get hands-on with the tools driving modern freshwater research. This course introduces analytical techniques and genomics methods used to study aquatic systems at the molecular level. From DNA sequencing to data interpretation, you’ll gain experience with the technologies shaping the future of freshwater science. This course is open to both undergraduate and graduate students.
- 3 credits, Thursdays 2:30-5:10pm Great Lakes Research Facility 1084
- Instructors: Ryan Newton, Laodong Guo
- Prerequisites: Junior standing, BIO SCI 152, CHEM 104 or graduate standing
11. Applied Water Statistics and Data Manipulation (FRSHWTR 585/G)
Build a solid foundation in data analysis with this course focused on statistics for freshwater science and policy. You’ll explore key concepts like probability and statistical inference, all while learning to use the R software environment to analyze real-world environmental data. Perfect for students ready to turn numbers into insights. This course is open to both undergraduate and graduate students.
- 3 credits, Wednesdays 2:30-5:10pm Great Lakes Research Facility 1084
- Instructor: James Price
- Prerequisites: Junior standing and MTHSTAT 215
So, which courses will you sink into?
These just barely scratch the (lakeâs) surface of all the great courses offered within Freshwater Sciences and Atmospheric Science. Check out our to see what else will be offered!
Enrollment appointments for Spring 2026 begin November 17 for priority students with graduate students following and undergraduates after. If you havenât already spoken with your academic advisor, we highly encourage you to do so and sign up for classes as soon as you are able to. Classes will fill up! Happy class shopping!
Dr. Aguilar collaborates with 51ÁÔĆć alum to create water themed altar for art exhibit
Senior Scientist Dr. Carmen Aguilar-Diaz has teamed up with Milwaukee Water Commons Creative Arts Manager and artist Melanie Ariens (51ÁÔĆć BFA, Painting, Drawing, and Printmaking, 1993) to install a Lake Michigan themed water ofrenda for DĂa de los Muertos. This is part of the Day of the Dead exhibit at the Latino Arts Center within the United Community Center.
Melanie brings attention to the powerful connection between the Great Lakes and local communities through her mixed media works. Her work and exhibition “Working for the Water, Working for Each Other” was on display September 2024 in the 51ÁÔĆć Union Art Gallery.
You can see the ofrenda and other installations for yourself while they are on display October 20-November 14. Opening reception is Friday, October 31 from 5-7 p.m.
Dr. Ryan Newton recognized at annual Employee Excellence Awards
Our own Dr. Ryan Newton was among 24 University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee employees recognized for their devotion to the 51ÁÔĆć community. Chia Youyee Vang, vice chancellor for community empowerment and institutional inclusivity, emceed the event, while Chancellor Thomas Gibson presented the awards along with Kristian OâConnor, Andrew Daire and Robin Van Harpen.
Dr. Newton was the recipient of the 51ÁÔĆć Office of Research/51ÁÔĆć Foundation Research Award. Since joining 51ÁÔĆć in 2015, he has secured $6.02 million in funding, published 37 peer-reviewed articles and a book chapter, and mentored seven graduate students and postdocs. Newton serves on 25 masterâs and PhD committees, is active in five scientific societies, and is an editor for an American Society of Microbiology journal.
Congratulations to Dr. Newton and everyone recognized at this year’s Employee Excellence Awards!
Center for Water Policy Director Melissa Scanlan Featured in NPR Story on Data Centersâ Environmental ImpactÂ
Center for Water Policy Director, Professor & Lynde B. Uihlein Endowed Chair Melissa Scanlan was featured in a recent NPR article examining the rapid expansion of data centers across the United States and the accompanying environmental challenges. The article highlights increasing public opposition to data center projects, citing worries over electricity demand, climate impacts, and a lack of transparency around water and energy use.Â
She commented that the Great Lakes states are seeing the ârollout of what these massive investments in data centers are potentially going to start to look like on the ground.â
Read the full story on NPR:
Check out more of thier work on data centers and water policy on their publicationsĚý˛š˛ÔťĺĚýnewsĚýąč˛š˛ľąđ˛ő!ĚýĚý
Center for Water Policy director featured on podcast
Center for Water Policy Director Melissa Scanlan was recently featured on the to discuss data centers.
Professor Scanlan explained how data centers use water, how data centersâ growing prevalence in the Great Lakes region is occurring without full disclosure of their water and energy needs, and more.
When information is obscured, it is very disempowering and you cannot make good decisions if you are the potential host community and you are dealing with very experienced entities that are doing this all over the country and the world.