{"id":4376,"date":"2012-03-23T10:06:10","date_gmt":"2012-03-23T15:06:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=4376"},"modified":"2017-05-19T21:20:25","modified_gmt":"2017-05-20T02:20:25","slug":"pussy-willow-pollinators","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/pussy-willow-pollinators\/","title":{"rendered":"Pussy Willow Pollinators"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Salutations, BugFans,<\/p>\n<p>The BugLady issues Bonus BOTW\u2019s when something exciting comes up between regularly-scheduled episodes.<\/p>\n<p>People get excited when pussy willows whisper the spring. The BugLady thinks it\u2019s more fun to skulk among the pussy willows when they are actually blooming (the gray, fuzzy \u201cbud\u201d is the future female catkin), ogling the diversity of insects that come to visit. Willows are <em>dioecious<\/em> (<em>separate house<\/em>), bearing their male and female flowers on different plants. In general, the thicker, caterpillar-like flowers are future female catkins; the flowers with the long filaments are male. Pussy willow (<em>Salix discolor<\/em>), which is a prodigious pollen producer, is almost finished blooming, but other willow species are still in bud. Go check them out.<\/p>\n<p>Remember that pollination is an accidental service performed by animals that visit a flower for another purpose altogether&mdash;to perch, to set up housekeeping, to browse, or to stalk the browsers. Mining bees and syrphid flies made up the majority of the insects that the BugLady saw, with flies (blow, flesh, and house) next. The BugLady saw a spring azure butterfly checking out the willow flowers, but she saw surprisingly few beetles. She was not able to identify everything she saw, but who cares!<\/p>\n<h3>Ants<\/h3>\n<p>If you put all of the people on the globe at one end of a teeter totter and all the ants on the other, our feet would be dangling. There are many kinds of ants with many lifestyles and many diets.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/ants-p-willow12-2rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/ants-p-willow12-2rz.jpg\" alt=\"ants-p-willow12-2rz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4377\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/ants-p-willow12-2rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/ants-p-willow12-2rz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><em>Asclera ruficollis<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>;Adult Red-necked false blister beetles feed on early spring flowers in woods and wood edges; their larvae dwell in rotting logs. Apparently, a crushed false blister beetle produces highly irritating chemicals that will make a (false?) blister.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/asclera-ruficollis12-4rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/asclera-ruficollis12-4rz.jpg\" alt=\"asclera-ruficollis12-4rz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/asclera-ruficollis12-4rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/asclera-ruficollis12-4rz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Brown Stinkbug<\/h3>\n<p>Some species of brown stinkbug are vegetarians, but the BugLady thinks that this is one of the predatory stinkbugs. The BugLady wonders if the heavy dusting of willow pollen works as an inadvertent disguise.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/br-stinkbug12-4rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/br-stinkbug12-4rz.jpg\" alt=\"br-stinkbug12-4rz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/br-stinkbug12-4rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/br-stinkbug12-4rz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Carpophilus Beetle<\/h3>\n<p>A sap beetle&mdash;although most sap beetles are consumers of rotting fruits and vegetables and fungi, some are found on flowers.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/carpophilus-btle12-3rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/carpophilus-btle12-3rz.jpg\" alt=\"carpophilus-btle12-3rz\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4380\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/carpophilus-btle12-3rz.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/carpophilus-btle12-3rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/carpophilus-btle12-3rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Disonycha Beetle<\/h3>\n<p>The Striped willow leaf beetle is in the huge leaf beetle family Chrysomelidae. It\u2019s a small genus whose members (according to one source) mostly eat \u201cweeds.\u201d This one eats willow-parts.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/disonycha12-3sm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/disonycha12-3sm.jpg\" alt=\"disonycha12-3sm\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4381\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/disonycha12-3sm.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/disonycha12-3sm-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/disonycha12-3sm-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Greenbottle Fly<\/h3>\n<p>These members of the Blow fly family are listed as carrion feeders. Apparently, this fly was cleansing its palette.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm.jpg\" alt=\"greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4382\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/greenbottle-fly-p-willow09-2sm-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><em>Cynoma cadaverina<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Another member of the Blow fly family, with a decidedly un-wholesome name, stared at the BugLady from a willow branch.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz.jpg\" alt=\"cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4383\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/cynoma-cadaverina12-5rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Honeybee<\/h3>\n<p>Honeybee&mdash;an important&mdash;and imported&mdash;pollinator, honeybees are on the landscape in late winter and early spring. Bees foraging for pollen near wetlands may warm up within the insulated comfort of a skunk cabbage spathe, which may be 30 degrees warmer than the ambient temperature.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/honeybee-12-3rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/honeybee-12-3rz.jpg\" alt=\"honeybee-12-3rz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/honeybee-12-3rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/honeybee-12-3rz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Mining Bee<\/h3>\n<p>Mining bees are a mainly solitary bunch of bees; females stock brood cells with pollen and nectar for their emerging young. They are important native pollinators.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/mining-bee12-2rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/mining-bee12-2rz.jpg\" alt=\"mining-bee12-2rz\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4385\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/mining-bee12-2rz.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/mining-bee12-2rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/mining-bee12-2rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Sweat Bee<\/h3>\n<p>Sweat bees collect prodigious loads of pollen and transport it to their underground nests. Most are solitary; a few are marginally social.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/sweat-bee12-1z.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/sweat-bee12-1z.jpg\" alt=\"sweat-bee12-1z\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/sweat-bee12-1z.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/sweat-bee12-1z-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/sweat-bee12-1z-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Syrphid Fly<\/h3>\n<p>Syrphid\/Hover\/Flower flies are bee mimics that feed on nectar and pollen.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/syrphid12-5rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/syrphid12-5rz.jpg\" alt=\"syrphid12-5rz\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/syrphid12-5rz.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/syrphid12-5rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/syrphid12-5rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Tachinid spooky<\/h3>\n<p>Tachinid flies have an ulterior motive. They lay eggs, or sometimes live young, on flowers so that their young may board another insect and become a parasitoid. The BugLady thought this ghost-colored tachinid was a bit creepy-looking.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/tachinid-spooky09-1rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/tachinid-spooky09-1rz.jpg\" alt=\"tachinid-spooky09-1rz\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/tachinid-spooky09-1rz.jpg 400w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/tachinid-spooky09-1rz-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/tachinid-spooky09-1rz-300x300.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>X WASP12 1<\/h3>\n<p>The BugLady is amazed at the antennae on this unknown wasp.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-1brz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-1brz.jpg\" alt=\"x-wasp-p-willow12-1brz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-1brz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-1brz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>X WASP12 3<\/h3>\n<p>Negotiating the thicket of flower parts on the male flower must be a challenge.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-3rz.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-3rz.jpg\" alt=\"x-wasp-p-willow12-3rz\" width=\"500\" height=\"357\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4390\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-3rz.jpg 500w, https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/380\/2016\/12\/x-wasp-p-willow12-3rz-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Go outside&mdash;watch the willows!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<em>The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>People get excited when pussy willows whisper the spring. The BugLady thinks it\u2019s more fun to skulk among the pussy willows when they are actually blooming (the gray, fuzzy \u201cbud\u201d is the future female catkin), ogling the diversity of insects that come to visit. Willows are dioecious (separate house), bearing their male and female flowers on different plants<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1037,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[127,238,30,80,87,154,91],"class_list":["post-4376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week","tag-ants","tag-bees","tag-beetles","tag-flies","tag-syrphids","tag-true-bugs","tag-wasps"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Field Station<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/pussy-willow-pollinators\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pussy Willow Pollinators\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"People get excited when pussy willows whisper the spring. 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