  {"id":16551,"date":"2025-10-01T08:49:10","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T13:49:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/?p=16551"},"modified":"2025-10-01T08:50:31","modified_gmt":"2025-10-01T13:50:31","slug":"alder-gall-buprestid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/bug-of-the-week\/alder-gall-buprestid\/","title":{"rendered":"Alder Gall Buprestid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Greetings, BugFans,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The BugLady has mentioned before that she has several \u201cnemesis bugs\u201d \u2013 insects whose photographs are inevitably out of focus.&nbsp;Fireflies, for some reason, are one of those groups.&nbsp;So, when she saw this small (1\/3\u201d) beetle on a leaf in a bog at the start of August, \u201c<em>here we go again<\/em>\u201d flitted through her brain briefly.&nbsp;Then she looked at the camera monitor and thought, \u201c<em>Hmmmm \u2013 kind of lumpy-looking for a firefly<\/em>.\u201d&nbsp;And it&nbsp;<em>wasn\u2019t<\/em>&nbsp;a firefly, though it\u2019s considered a firefly mimic, cashing in on predators\u2019 respect for the firefly\u2019s chemical defense system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And it&#8217;s fun to find an insect she\u2019s never seen before.&nbsp;Unfortunately, this one is pretty good at flying under the radar.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s in the Metallic wood-boring beetle family Buprestidae, which we have visited before and which has some pretty spiffy members (hence their other common name, Jewel beetle) <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/2143302\/bgimage\">&#8211; Chrysophana conicola &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a>,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/624735\/bgimage\">?Metallic Wood Boring Beetle? &#8211; Buprestis salisburyensis &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a>,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/391535\/bgimage\">Mastogenius castlei Champlain &amp; Knull &#8211; Mastogenius castlei &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>and <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/424597\/bgimage\">Metallic Wood Boring Beetle &#8211; Buprestis aurulenta &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a>.\u00a0It\u2019s a big family (more than 15,000 species), whose larvae are collectively known as Flatheaded borers, which tells you what they do for a living.\u00a0Like the Long-horned beetles, Cerambycidae, who have fans because of their improbable antennae, Buprestids have fans because of the flashy elytra (wing covers) of some species, which, alas, puts them in the crosshairs of collectors and vendors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The ALDER GALL BUPRESTID (<em>Eupristocerus<\/em>&nbsp;<em>cogitans<\/em>) aka the Pondering jewel beetle (and, in French-speaking Canada, \u201cBupreste pensif\u201d) is a taxonomic and geographic outlier \u2013 it\u2019s the only species in its genus (a&nbsp;<em>monotypic<\/em>&nbsp;genus), and it\u2019s also the only Buprestid in its Tribe, Coraebini, that\u2019s found in North America (most of the rest live in Asia and Africa). The BugLady couldn\u2019t find out what it\u2019s pondering.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bugguide.net shows its range as the northeastern quadrant of North America, south to Virginia (and including Wisconsin and Michigan), but other sources list it as far south as Florida and as far west as Texas.&nbsp;It occurs in wetlands where its host plants grow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s a glamour shot &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/185234\/bgimage\">Beetle ID &#8211; Eupristocerus cogitans &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gall-making is seen in a variety of insects, but the most common gall makers are flies and wasps, plus some kinds of mites (spider and tick relatives).&nbsp;Beetles, not-so-much.&nbsp;Buprestid beetles \u2013 hardly ever.&nbsp;Of course, many beetle larvae chew on plant parts and their chewing may result in a reaction by the plant\u2019s tissues, but characterizing that reaction as gall-vs-not-a-gall depends on whose yardstick you use.&nbsp;Larvae of the Alder gall buprestid tunnel into the stems of living alders and river birch and make galls there.&nbsp;One source said that they can cause damage to wood, but one-one else seems to be getting too excited about that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, it\u2019s hard to find a larva that makes its home in plant tissue so you can study it.&nbsp;In a paper about two new gall-making Burestids in South Africa, C.H. Bellamy and C. S. Scholtz wrote, \u201c<em>Gall formation in plants induced by the activity of buprestid larvae is a rarely-recorded phenomenon<\/em>.\u201d And they go on to say that \u201c<em>The overall lack of knowledge concerning buprestid larvae and their interaction with host plant species will hopefully, in time, be corrected and will undoubtedly show that many more species of Buprestidae are involved in gall formation<\/em>.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The adults are preyed on by the wonderfully-named Smoky-winged beetle bandit (<em>Cerceris fumipennis<\/em>), a small, solitary, ground-nesting, square-headed wasp <a href=\"https:\/\/bugguide.net\/node\/view\/684915\/bgimage\">Wasp with stripe on abdomen &#8211; Cerceris fumipennis &#8211; BugGuide.Net<\/a>.&nbsp;Smoky-winged beetle bandits make beetle collections to cache in the egg chambers of their eventual young, and they target many tree-feeding beetles, including the Alder Gall Buprestid and also the infamous Emerald ash borer (another Buprestid). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grammar alert &#8211; the Beatle bandit is spelled (by entomologists, who are loath to depart from traditional spellings) &#8220;Smoky-winged,&#8221; but the Google spell-check is unhappy with that, so the BugLady Googled &#8220;smoky vs smokey.&#8221;&nbsp;Turns out that &#8220;smoky&#8221; is the original spelling, but at any rate, &#8220;smoky tends to be an adjective, and smokey tends to be a noun.&nbsp;Act accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>The BugLady<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"taxonomy-post_tag wp-block-post-terms\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/adler\/\" rel=\"tag\">Adler<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/beetle-bug\/\" rel=\"tag\">Beetle Bug<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/bug\/\" rel=\"tag\">Bug<\/a><span class=\"wp-block-post-terms__separator\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/uwm.edu\/field-station\/tag\/gall\/\" rel=\"tag\">Gall<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Greetings, BugFans, The BugLady has mentioned before that she has several \u201cnemesis bugs\u201d \u2013 insects whose photographs are inevitably out of focus.&nbsp;Fireflies, for some reason, are one of those groups.&nbsp;So, when she saw this small (1\/3\u201d) beetle on a leaf &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38860,"featured_media":16552,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","uwm_wg_additional_authors":[]},"categories":[8],"tags":[962,961,909,963],"class_list":["post-16551","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bug-of-the-week","tag-adler","tag-beetle-bug","tag-bug","tag-gall"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - 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